Procedimiento para el diagnóstico y mejoramiento de la Organización del Trabajo en brigadas de mantenimiento constructivo
Fecha
2009-06-25
Autores
Hernández Sierra, Ángel
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo muestra el desarrollo de un procedimiento general para el diagnóstico y mejoramiento del sistema de Organización del Trabajo, enfocado a brigadas de mantenimiento constructivo. Se realizó un análisis del sistema de Organización del Trabajo tomando como base la estructura general que se propone para su estudio en las Bases Generales del Perfeccionamiento Empresarial, considerando que la misma se adapta a las características propias de este tipo de brigadas. Una de las características fundamentales del procedimiento es que orienta el diagnóstico de la Organización del Trabajo desde la perspectiva de la gestión del mantenimiento, como forma de garantizar un proceso de análisis efectivo, orientado a la misión de este tipo de brigadas. Para esto, parte de la identificación de un grupo de indicadores que resultan relevantes dentro de la gestión del mantenimiento y, posteriormente, determina los subsistemas o elementos de la Organización del Trabajo que tienen un impacto significativo en el desempeño de tales indicadores. De esta forma se logra focalizar los esfuerzos de la mejora hacia aquellos elementos de la Organización del Trabajo que resulten críticos, permitiendo con ello el despliegue de un proceso de mejoramiento coherente y alineado a la estrategia de la organización.
Se ha tomado como objeto de estudio práctico la brigada de mantenimiento constructivo de la Empresa CIMEX de Sancti Spiritus. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se aplicaron técnicas tales como: método de expertos, entrevistas y el Modelado Lingüístico Difuso Ordinal en la evaluación de indicadores cualitativos. El principal aporte metodológico de la investigación se constituye en el propio procedimiento general. En el marco práctico se logró realizar un diagnóstico general del sistema de Organización del Trabajo en la brigada analizada, particularizando en el subsistema de Normación, el cual resultó ser el de mayor criticidad. En la etapa de mejoramiento se planteó una metodología que posibilitó determinar el conjunto de técnicas más apropiadas para efectuar la normación de un conjunto de actividades fundamentales desarrolladas por la brigada.
This work shows the development of a general procedure for diagnosing and improving the system of work organization, focused on maintaining constructive brigades. A system‘s analysis of work organization based on the overall structure proposed for the general study of Business Improvement, considering that it adapts to the characteristics of these brigades. A key feature of the procedure is to guide the diagnosis of labor organization from the perspective of maintenance management as a way to ensure effective analysis process, oriented to the mission of this brigade. For this part of the group’s identification of indicators that are relevant in the management of maintenance and then determines the subsystems or elements of work organization that have a significant impact on performance indicators. This is achieved by focusing efforts to improve those elements of work organization which are critical, there by allowing the deployment of a coherent improvement process and aligned to the organization's strategy. Is taken as an object of study the constructive‘s Maintenance Brigade of the CIMEX‘s Company, Sancti Spiritus. For the development of research techniques were applied such as: method of expert interviews and Diffuse Ordinal Modeling Language in the evaluation of qualitative indicators. The main contribution of the research methodology is established in the general procedure. In practical framework was to make a system of work organization’s diagnosis in the brigade, analyzed it in specifying Provides subsystem, which was the highest criticality. At the stage of an improvement methodology that was possible to determine the most appropriate set of techniques to make the Provides a set of key activities undertaken by the brigade.
This work shows the development of a general procedure for diagnosing and improving the system of work organization, focused on maintaining constructive brigades. A system‘s analysis of work organization based on the overall structure proposed for the general study of Business Improvement, considering that it adapts to the characteristics of these brigades. A key feature of the procedure is to guide the diagnosis of labor organization from the perspective of maintenance management as a way to ensure effective analysis process, oriented to the mission of this brigade. For this part of the group’s identification of indicators that are relevant in the management of maintenance and then determines the subsystems or elements of work organization that have a significant impact on performance indicators. This is achieved by focusing efforts to improve those elements of work organization which are critical, there by allowing the deployment of a coherent improvement process and aligned to the organization's strategy. Is taken as an object of study the constructive‘s Maintenance Brigade of the CIMEX‘s Company, Sancti Spiritus. For the development of research techniques were applied such as: method of expert interviews and Diffuse Ordinal Modeling Language in the evaluation of qualitative indicators. The main contribution of the research methodology is established in the general procedure. In practical framework was to make a system of work organization’s diagnosis in the brigade, analyzed it in specifying Provides subsystem, which was the highest criticality. At the stage of an improvement methodology that was possible to determine the most appropriate set of techniques to make the Provides a set of key activities undertaken by the brigade.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Trabajo / Organización, Diagnóstico, Empresa CIMEX, Sancti Spíritus