Estudio comparativo de métodos de decisión multicriterio para la selección de productos minerales en la UEB Zeolita Tasajera de la Empresa Geominera del Centro
Fecha
2021
Autores
García Suárez, Carlos Alberto
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial
Resumen
En la actualidad el entorno cambiante de los mercados, el avance precipitado de nuevas tecnologías y el cumplimiento de nuevos requerimientos de calidad, entre otros factores, contribuyen a la búsqueda de estrategias por las empresas, de ahorro y el uso racional de los recursos, procesos productivos más eficientes y productos con mayor calidad que cumplan con las necesidades de los clientes. Por lo que el proceso decisional debe efectuarse con mayor eficiencia para tomar decisiones acertadas que propicien la sostenibilidad y el logro de objetivos planteados. Los modelos matemáticos sirven de apoyo a la toma de decisiones, y en especial los métodos de decisión multicriterio. Estos métodos constituyen técnicas matemáticas para efectuar análisis entre alternativas complejas para seleccionar la más idónea. En la presente investigación se desarrollan los métodos de decisión multicriterio Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) y Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite (ELECTRE), pertenecientes a las escuelas americana y europea respectivamente, y la comparación de los resultados que proporcionen dichas técnicas. Con lo cual se persigue conformar un procedimiento de trabajo para mejorar el desempeño de la UEB Zeolita Tasajera de la Empresa Geominera del Centro. Pues la entidad objeto de estudio no cuenta con el capital tecnológico y financiero suficiente para producir los productos minerales de forma simultánea, y debido a esta situación la alta dirección requiere encontrar el producto mineral más idóneo para ser producido en una fase inicial, así como el orden de producción de los restantes, teniéndose en cuenta un grupo de criterios analizados con especialistas.
Palabras claves: toma de decisiones, métodos de decisión multicriterio, AHP, ELECTRE
At present, the changing environment of the markets, the precipitous advance of new technologies and the fulfillment of new quality requirements, among other factors, contribute to the search for strategies by companies, savings and the rational use of resources, processes more efficient production lines and higher quality products that meet customer needs. Therefore, the decision-making process must be carried out with greater efficiency to make the right decisions that promote sustainability and the achievement of set objectives. Mathematical models support decision-making, especially multi-criteria decision methods. These methods constitute mathematical techniques to carry out analyzes between complex alternatives to select the most suitable one. In this research, the multicriteria decision methods Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite (ELECTRE), belonging to the American and European schools respectively, and the comparison of the results provided by these techniques are developed. With which the aim is to create a working procedure to improve the performance of the UEB Zeolita Tasajera of the Empresa Geominera del Centro. Well, the entity under study does not have sufficient technological and financial capital to produce mineral products simultaneously, and due to this situation, senior management needs to find the most suitable mineral product to be produced in an initial phase, as well as the production order of the rest, taking into account a group of criteria analyzed with specialists. Keywords: decision making, multi-criteria decision methods, AHP, ELECTRE
At present, the changing environment of the markets, the precipitous advance of new technologies and the fulfillment of new quality requirements, among other factors, contribute to the search for strategies by companies, savings and the rational use of resources, processes more efficient production lines and higher quality products that meet customer needs. Therefore, the decision-making process must be carried out with greater efficiency to make the right decisions that promote sustainability and the achievement of set objectives. Mathematical models support decision-making, especially multi-criteria decision methods. These methods constitute mathematical techniques to carry out analyzes between complex alternatives to select the most suitable one. In this research, the multicriteria decision methods Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite (ELECTRE), belonging to the American and European schools respectively, and the comparison of the results provided by these techniques are developed. With which the aim is to create a working procedure to improve the performance of the UEB Zeolita Tasajera of the Empresa Geominera del Centro. Well, the entity under study does not have sufficient technological and financial capital to produce mineral products simultaneously, and due to this situation, senior management needs to find the most suitable mineral product to be produced in an initial phase, as well as the production order of the rest, taking into account a group of criteria analyzed with specialists. Keywords: decision making, multi-criteria decision methods, AHP, ELECTRE
Descripción
Palabras clave
UEB Zeolita Tasajera de la Empresa Geominera del Centro, Toma de Decisiones, AHP, ELECTRE