Contextualización del enfoque de género en el diseño urbano a través de un estudio de caso: Provincia de Villa Clara
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Fecha
2012-07-03
Autores
Ripoll Castellanos, Roberto
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
Los estudios con enfoque de género abarcan todas las dimensiones del urbanismo. Dentro de su dimensión física, se afirma la existencia de una relación entre el diseño urbano y la equidad de género, alegándose un diseño de las ciudades que crea una situación de desventaja para las mujeres. La construcción de indicadores de género, aplicados a las realidades sociales de determinados países para identificar tales inequidades, está convocando a la arquitectura a implementar un grupo de recomendaciones en relación con el diseño urbano. En este sentido, la presente investigación se propuso fundamentar, a partir de un estudio de caso: Provincia Villa Clara, la necesidad de contextualizar el enfoque de género en el diseño urbano. Se analizaron los referentes teórico-metodológicos de este enfoque y las propuestas que a partir de él se hacen por parte de autoras, e instituciones foráneas e internacionales. Se demostró que los indicadores de género propuestos internacionalmente no operan como tales en la realidad socio-económica de la provincia estudiada. Igualmente, se demostró que las referidas recomendaciones para el diseño urbano, si bien no basadas en indicadores de género, sí son de posible y necesaria aplicación, estando incluso la mayoría de ellas previstas en los documentos de planificación física y normas cubanas. Se razona finalmente que esto constituye una fortaleza de la provincia para la implementación de cualquier proyecto internacional, al contar en su línea base con la existencia previa de documentos de carácter vinculante, plenamente coincidentes con las mencionadas recomendaciones, así como con una voluntad política del Estado que, en sentido general, reconoce la necesidad de solucionar toda la problemática social involucrada en ellas.
Studies with a gender approach cover all aspects of urbanism. Within its physical dimension, there is an assertion of the existence of a relationship between urban design and gender equity, and an alleged city design that creates disadvantages for women. The construction of gender indicators, applied to the social realities of some countries to identify such inequities, is calling the architecture for the implement of a set of recommendations in relation to urban design. In this sense, through a case study: Villa Clara, the present investigation lays the foundations of the need contextualization of gender approach in urban design. Theoretical and methodological proposals of this approach, made by authors, and foreign and international institutions, were analyzed. It was demonstrated that gender indicators internationally proposed, do not operate as such in the socio-economic reality of the studied province. It was also demonstrated that the referred recommendations for urban design, despite of not being based on gender indicators, are possible and necessary to apply. Moreover, most of these recommendations are already contained in Cuban physical planning documents and standards. There was also identified a political will of the State that, in general, recognizes the need to solve all social problems involved in those Cuban documents and standards. It is finally argued that this entire situation represents a base line and strength of the province for the implementation of any international project.
Studies with a gender approach cover all aspects of urbanism. Within its physical dimension, there is an assertion of the existence of a relationship between urban design and gender equity, and an alleged city design that creates disadvantages for women. The construction of gender indicators, applied to the social realities of some countries to identify such inequities, is calling the architecture for the implement of a set of recommendations in relation to urban design. In this sense, through a case study: Villa Clara, the present investigation lays the foundations of the need contextualization of gender approach in urban design. Theoretical and methodological proposals of this approach, made by authors, and foreign and international institutions, were analyzed. It was demonstrated that gender indicators internationally proposed, do not operate as such in the socio-economic reality of the studied province. It was also demonstrated that the referred recommendations for urban design, despite of not being based on gender indicators, are possible and necessary to apply. Moreover, most of these recommendations are already contained in Cuban physical planning documents and standards. There was also identified a political will of the State that, in general, recognizes the need to solve all social problems involved in those Cuban documents and standards. It is finally argued that this entire situation represents a base line and strength of the province for the implementation of any international project.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Diseño Urbano, Enfoque de Género, Villa Clara, Urban Design