Procedimiento general para el ruteo de vehículos en la distribución de productos. Aplicación parcial en la Pasteurizadora Placetas
Date
2009-06-25
Authors
Calvo Reyes, Yanesey
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Abstract
Dadas las deficiencias que existen aún en el ruteo de vehículos evidenciadas a partir de la
revisión bibliográfica realizada en esta investigación relacionadas con que las técnicas y
métodos utilizados para realizar el ruteo de vehículos, las cuales van más a la solución del
problema que a establecer procedimientos que guíen todo el proceso de establecer las
rutas de distribución; la gran mayoría de estas técnicas y métodos se enfocan al decidir la
“mejor” ruta de una forma monocriterial; los métodos de solución encontrados no permiten
realizar las fases constructivas y de mejoramiento considerando criterios múltiples, tanto
para la selección de las “mejores” rutas como para evaluar las mejoras, y que los
procedimientos registrados en la literatura no integran la selección del tipo de problema de
ruteo con el método de solución; se hace necesario por medio de la investigación presente
en vistas de superar estas deficiencias, el desarrollo de un procedimiento general para el
ruteo de vehículos en la distribución de productos, de forma tal que se logre la selección
muticriterial de la “mejor” vía entre nodos o clientes, la selección del tipo de problema de
ruteo y el método de solución del mismo, evidenciando de esta manera el manejo de
criterios múltiples para la construcción de las rutas, así como su posterior mejoramiento.
Como parte de la comprobación de la hipótesis de la investigación se aplicó parcialmente el
procedimiento general en la Pasteurizadora Placetas en la distribución de leche fluida para
niños, obteniéndose ahorros aproximados a 1995.683 CUC al año.
Given the deficiencies that still exist in the conformation of routes of vehicles evidenced starting from the bibliographical revision carried out in this related investigation with which the techniques and methods used to carry out the conformation of routes of vehicles, which go more to the solution of the problem that procedures that guide the whole process of establishing the distribution routes to settle down; the great majority of these techniques and methods are focused when deciding the "better" route based on an unique approach; the opposing solution methods don't allow to carry out the constructive phases and of improvement considering multiple approaches, so much for the selection of those "better" routes like to evaluate the improvements, and that the procedures registered in the literature don't integrate the selection of the type of problem of conformation of routes of vehicles with the solution method; it becomes necessary by means of the present investigation in views of overcoming these deficiencies, the development of a general procedure for the conformation of routes of vehicles in the distribution of products, in such way that the selection is achieved with multiple approaches of the "better" road among nodes or clients, the selection of the type of problem of conformation of routes and the method of solution of the same one, evidencing this way the handling of multiple approaches for the construction of the routes, as well as its later improvement. As part of the confirmation of the hypothesis of the investigation it was applied the general procedure partially in the Pasteurizadora Placetas in the distribution of flowing milk for children, being obtained approximate savings to 1995.683 CUC per year.
Given the deficiencies that still exist in the conformation of routes of vehicles evidenced starting from the bibliographical revision carried out in this related investigation with which the techniques and methods used to carry out the conformation of routes of vehicles, which go more to the solution of the problem that procedures that guide the whole process of establishing the distribution routes to settle down; the great majority of these techniques and methods are focused when deciding the "better" route based on an unique approach; the opposing solution methods don't allow to carry out the constructive phases and of improvement considering multiple approaches, so much for the selection of those "better" routes like to evaluate the improvements, and that the procedures registered in the literature don't integrate the selection of the type of problem of conformation of routes of vehicles with the solution method; it becomes necessary by means of the present investigation in views of overcoming these deficiencies, the development of a general procedure for the conformation of routes of vehicles in the distribution of products, in such way that the selection is achieved with multiple approaches of the "better" road among nodes or clients, the selection of the type of problem of conformation of routes and the method of solution of the same one, evidencing this way the handling of multiple approaches for the construction of the routes, as well as its later improvement. As part of the confirmation of the hypothesis of the investigation it was applied the general procedure partially in the Pasteurizadora Placetas in the distribution of flowing milk for children, being obtained approximate savings to 1995.683 CUC per year.
Description
Keywords
Pasteurizadora Placetas, Vehículos / Ruteo, Técnicas, Rutas / Diseño