Enfoques metodológicos del desarrollo comunitario en Latinoamérica
Fecha
2021-01-08
Autores
Paz Enrique, Luis Ernesto
Hernández Alfonso, Eduardo Alejandro
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Resumen
En las prácticas que tienen lugar en la construcción social de la realidad se evidencian enfoques dominantes, pero dar cuenta de las mimas permite develar lo posible que se constituye en emergente. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica pudo identificarse la ausencia de estudios en torno a la fundamentación e identificación de los enfoques metodológicos presentes del campo mencionado. Se planteó como objetivo del estudio identificar los enfoques metodológicos del campo científico de los estudios sociales acerca del desarrollo comunitario en Latinoamérica. El estudio clasificó como descriptivo, longitudinal – retrospectivo. Para la obtención de resultados se emplearon métodos en los niveles teórico y empírico, fundamentalmente el método bibliométrico. Se identificaron los principales métodos, tipos y enfoques de investigación y técnicas empleadas. Se realizó una red de coocurrencia de métodos empleados en los estudios dentro del campo. Se concluyó que en el campo científico de los estudios sociales acerca del desarrollo comunitario en Latinoamérica hay un predomino de estudios cualitativos. Destacaron los estudios de caso, el enfoque descriptivo y el predominio de la perspectiva cualitativa sobre la cuantitativa o mixta. Los resultados se corresponden con la perspectiva teórica que tradicionalmente defiende la investigación social, donde se fundamentan los estudios sobre comunidades. Predominaron los métodos de análisis documental, encuesta, análisis de contenido y etnográfico
In the practices that take place in the social construction of reality, dominant approaches are evident, but giving an account of the same allows to reveal what is possible that constitutes emergent. From a bibliographic review, the absence of studies on the foundation and identification of the present methodological approaches of the aforementioned field could be identified. The objective of the study was to identify the methodological approaches of the scientific field of social studies about community development in Latin America. The study classified as descriptive, longitudinal - retrospective. To obtain results, methods were used at the theoretical and empirical levels, mainly the bibliometric method. The main research methods, types and approaches and techniques used were identified. A network of co-occurrence of methods used in the studies within the field was carried out. It was concluded that in the scientific field of social studies about community development in Latin America there is a predominance of qualitative studies. The case studies, the descriptive approach and the predominance of the qualitative perspective over the quantitative or mixed one stood out. The results correspond to the theoretical perspective traditionally defended by social research, where studies on communities are based. The methods of documentary analysis, survey, content analysis and ethnographic predominated
In the practices that take place in the social construction of reality, dominant approaches are evident, but giving an account of the same allows to reveal what is possible that constitutes emergent. From a bibliographic review, the absence of studies on the foundation and identification of the present methodological approaches of the aforementioned field could be identified. The objective of the study was to identify the methodological approaches of the scientific field of social studies about community development in Latin America. The study classified as descriptive, longitudinal - retrospective. To obtain results, methods were used at the theoretical and empirical levels, mainly the bibliometric method. The main research methods, types and approaches and techniques used were identified. A network of co-occurrence of methods used in the studies within the field was carried out. It was concluded that in the scientific field of social studies about community development in Latin America there is a predominance of qualitative studies. The case studies, the descriptive approach and the predominance of the qualitative perspective over the quantitative or mixed one stood out. The results correspond to the theoretical perspective traditionally defended by social research, where studies on communities are based. The methods of documentary analysis, survey, content analysis and ethnographic predominated
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DESARROLLO, DESARROLLO COMUNITARIO, CAMPO CIENTÍFICO, BIBLIOMETRÍA, METODOLOGÍA, LATINOAMÉRICA, DEVELOPING, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, SCIENTIFIC FIELD, BIBLIOMETRICS, METHODOLOGY, LATIN AMERICA
Citación
Paz Enrique, L. E., y Hernández Alfonso, E. A. (2021). Enfoques metodológicos del desarrollo comunitario en Latinoamérica. REDEL. Revista Granmense de Desarrollo Local, 5(1), 141-154.