Caracterización de la comunidad de peces en el arrecife de “Punta Madruguilla”, cayo Santa María, Cuba
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Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Rodríguez León, Félix Ricardo
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas.Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Biología
Resumen
La evaluación de las comunidades de peces constituye un elemento clave en la determinación de estado de
salud de los arrecifes coralinos. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de caracterizar la comunidad de peces
del arrecife de Punta Madruguilla en Villa Clara. Para ello se determinó la composición y estructura de la
comunidad de peces en junio de los años 2016 y 2017. Se trazaron seis transectos lineales y utilizó el método
de conteo visual. Se contaron y clasificaron los individuos, los que se ubicaron por grupos tróficos y de talla.
Los resultados de los dos años se compararon en cuanto a indicadores de densidad, biomasa, talla, grupos
tróficos y salud de la comunidad de peces. Se registraron en ambos años un total de 55 especies agrupadas
en 16 familias y 30 géneros. Las familias más representadas en cuanto a especies fueron Scaridae,
Pomacentridae y Serranidae con Chromis cyanea como especie dominante. Predominaron los peces
planctófagos y los de talla pequeña (6 - 10 cm). La densidad, biomasa y talla entre los años estudiados
presentaron diferencias, aunque estas no fueron significativas. El comportamiento anual de los grupos tróficos
varió: los planctófagos, omnívoros y bentófagos-ictiófagos incrementaron el número de individuos, mientras
que el resto de los grupos disminuyó. El cambio de categoría de la salud de la comunidad de peces de pobre
a regular evidencia que la misma se encuentra en un proceso de recuperación.
The evaluation of fish communities is a key element in determining the state of health of coral reefs. This study was carried out with the objective of characterizing the fish community of the Punta Madruguilla reef in Villa Clara. To this aim, the composition and structure of the fish community was determined in June 2016 and 2017. Six linear transects were drawn and the visual counting method was used. The individuals were counted and classified, those who were located by trophic and size groups. The results of the two years were compared in terms of density, biomass, size, trophic groups and fish community health indicators. A total of 55 species grouped in 16 families and 30 genera were recorded in both years. The most represented families in terms of species were Scaridae, Pomacentridae and Serranidae with Chromis cyanea as the dominant species. Platyphagous fish predominated and those of small size (6 - 10 cm). The density, biomass and size between the studied years presented differences although these were not significant. The annual behavior of the trophic groups varied: the plantophages, omnivores and benthophage-ichthyophagus increased the number of individuals, while the rest of the groups decreased. The change of category of the health of the community of fish from poor to regular shows that it is in a process of recovery.
The evaluation of fish communities is a key element in determining the state of health of coral reefs. This study was carried out with the objective of characterizing the fish community of the Punta Madruguilla reef in Villa Clara. To this aim, the composition and structure of the fish community was determined in June 2016 and 2017. Six linear transects were drawn and the visual counting method was used. The individuals were counted and classified, those who were located by trophic and size groups. The results of the two years were compared in terms of density, biomass, size, trophic groups and fish community health indicators. A total of 55 species grouped in 16 families and 30 genera were recorded in both years. The most represented families in terms of species were Scaridae, Pomacentridae and Serranidae with Chromis cyanea as the dominant species. Platyphagous fish predominated and those of small size (6 - 10 cm). The density, biomass and size between the studied years presented differences although these were not significant. The annual behavior of the trophic groups varied: the plantophages, omnivores and benthophage-ichthyophagus increased the number of individuals, while the rest of the groups decreased. The change of category of the health of the community of fish from poor to regular shows that it is in a process of recovery.
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Palabras clave
Biomass, Density, Trophic Group, Sizes., Peces, Arrecifes