Modelo de planificación para la cadena productiva de frijol en el municipio Santa Clara
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Autores
Alvarez Castillo, Betsy Aymeé
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Deparatamento de Ingeniería Industrial
Resumen
En Cuba, al calor del corriente proceso de actualización económica, han tomado auge los debates acerca de la importancia de la articulación de las cadenas productivas. Este interés también ha quedado plasmado en los Lineamientos de la política económica y social del Partido y la Revolución (2011) aprobados en el Sexto Congreso del Partido Comunista de Cuba. Específicamente, en el capítulo VII, referido a la política agroindustrial, se aborda la necesidad de organizar la actividad productiva en cadenas que permitan la sustitución de importaciones y la promoción de exportaciones. Pues se concibe que los ingresos obtenidos por ambos conceptos puedan convertirse en la fuente de capitalización de estas estructuras organizativas. En la actualidad, la inserción en las cadenas globales de valor agroalimentarias resulta de vital importancia para el posicionamiento en el mercado internacional, aun cuando esta inclusión es muy difícil de lograr para los pequeños productores (y países como Cuba), quienes no cuentan con suficientes recursos tecnológicos y financieros para adecuar las producciones agrícolas a los estándares exigidos internacionalmente. De ahí, la importancia de conseguir cadenas nacionales bien articuladas que fortalezcan los lazos de cooperación y supongan ventajas para todos sus actores, a la vez que permitan la satisfacción de las demandas de los consumidores. Para ello se realizó el diagnóstico de los problemas existentes en la cadena productiva de frijol común en el municipio Santa Clara, basado en entrevistas a expertos claves, lo que permitió definir los puntos críticos, las brechas en el flujo de los productos entre eslabones de la cadena y la ausencia de un sistema integrado de planificación entre sus actores, con el predominio de un enfoque tradicional de la gestión.
In Cuba, in the heat of the current process of economic updating, debates about the importance of the articulation of the productive chains have taken root. This interest has also been reflected in the Economic and Social Policy Guidelines of the Party and the Revolution (2011) adopted at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba. Specifically, Chapter VII, referring to the agroindustrial policy, addresses the need to organize productive activity in chains that allow the substitution of imports and the promotion of exports. For it is conceived that the income obtained by both concepts can become the source of capitalization of these organizational structures. At present, insertion into global agrifood value chains is vitally important for positioning in the international market, even though this inclusion is very difficult to achieve for small producers (and countries like Cuba), who do not have enough Technological and financial resources to adapt agricultural production to the internationally required standards. Hence, the importance of achieving well-articulated national chains that strengthen the cooperation ties and provide advantages for all its actors, while allowing the satisfaction of the demands of consumers. To do this, a diagnosis was made of the problems in the common bean production chain in Santa Clara municipality, based on interviews with key experts, which allowed to define the critical points, the gaps in the flow of products between the links of the Chain and the absence of an integrated planning system among its actors, with the predominance of a traditional approach to management.
In Cuba, in the heat of the current process of economic updating, debates about the importance of the articulation of the productive chains have taken root. This interest has also been reflected in the Economic and Social Policy Guidelines of the Party and the Revolution (2011) adopted at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba. Specifically, Chapter VII, referring to the agroindustrial policy, addresses the need to organize productive activity in chains that allow the substitution of imports and the promotion of exports. For it is conceived that the income obtained by both concepts can become the source of capitalization of these organizational structures. At present, insertion into global agrifood value chains is vitally important for positioning in the international market, even though this inclusion is very difficult to achieve for small producers (and countries like Cuba), who do not have enough Technological and financial resources to adapt agricultural production to the internationally required standards. Hence, the importance of achieving well-articulated national chains that strengthen the cooperation ties and provide advantages for all its actors, while allowing the satisfaction of the demands of consumers. To do this, a diagnosis was made of the problems in the common bean production chain in Santa Clara municipality, based on interviews with key experts, which allowed to define the critical points, the gaps in the flow of products between the links of the Chain and the absence of an integrated planning system among its actors, with the predominance of a traditional approach to management.