Uso de hábitats por condrictios en el archipiélago de los Jardines de la Reina, Cuba
Fecha
2018-06
Autores
González González, Ariandy
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Biología
Resumen
Los condrictios son un importante grupo para el mantenimiento del equilibrio de los
ecosistemas, sin embargo, se encuentran en peligro debido a la degradación de hábitats y
la sobrepesca. En este estudio se analizó el uso de hábitats de condrictios en el archipiélago
de los Jardines de la Reina. Los muestreos se realizaron con dos artes de pesca, los
palangres utilizados en zonas abiertas, colocados paralelos a la línea de costa, y las calas
en áreas más estrechas como los canales de manglar. Se capturaron 275 individuos
pertenecientes a cinco especies de tiburones y dos de rayas. Las poblaciones de condrictios
en el archipiélago de los Jardines de la Reina se mantuvieron relativamente estables con
excepción de Carcharhinus perezi, que presentó un incremento significativo en los últimos
años del estudio. Al comparar las zonas, el Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina presentó
valores de abundancia relativa superiores a otras áreas. Además, se observó que con el
aumento de la distancia a la Isla de Cuba también aumentó la abundancia relativa. En la
población de C. perezi no hubo indicios de segregación por sexo, ni por grupos etarios. El
Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina es un área de gran importancia para el movimiento
de tiburones; con especies que se desplazan hacia zonas con influencia de la pesca,
mientras que otras solo se mueven dentro del área protegida.
Chondrichthyans are an important group for maintaining the equilibrium of ecosystems, however, they are in danger due to habitat degradation and overfishing. In this study, the habitat uses by chondrichthyans in the Jardines de la Reina archipelago was analyzed. The samplings were carried out with two fishing gears, the longlines used in open areas, placed parallel to the coastline, and the setlines in narrower areas such as mangrove channels. In total, 275 individuals belonging to five species of sharks and two of rays were captured. Chondrichthyan populations in the Jardines de la Reina archipelago remained relatively stable with the exception of Carcharhinus perezi, which showed a significant increase in the last years of the study. When comparing the zones, the relative abundance in Jardines de la Reina National Park was superior to other areas. In addition, it was observed that with the increase of the distance to the Island of Cuba the relative abundance also increased. The population of C. perezi showed no signs of segregation by sex, nor by age groups. The Jardines de la Reina National Park is an area of great importance for the shark movement; with species that move towards fished areas, while others only move within the protected area.
Chondrichthyans are an important group for maintaining the equilibrium of ecosystems, however, they are in danger due to habitat degradation and overfishing. In this study, the habitat uses by chondrichthyans in the Jardines de la Reina archipelago was analyzed. The samplings were carried out with two fishing gears, the longlines used in open areas, placed parallel to the coastline, and the setlines in narrower areas such as mangrove channels. In total, 275 individuals belonging to five species of sharks and two of rays were captured. Chondrichthyan populations in the Jardines de la Reina archipelago remained relatively stable with the exception of Carcharhinus perezi, which showed a significant increase in the last years of the study. When comparing the zones, the relative abundance in Jardines de la Reina National Park was superior to other areas. In addition, it was observed that with the increase of the distance to the Island of Cuba the relative abundance also increased. The population of C. perezi showed no signs of segregation by sex, nor by age groups. The Jardines de la Reina National Park is an area of great importance for the shark movement; with species that move towards fished areas, while others only move within the protected area.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Tiburones, Rayas, Selección de Hábitats, Marcaje, CPUE, Condrictios, Sharks, Rays, Habitat Selection, Tagging