Composición fenólica y actividad antioxidante in vitro de extractos obtenidos de las hojas de Mosiera crenulata (Urb. & Ekman) Borhidi
Fecha
2018
Autores
Bofil Morrell, Isela Maria
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Farmacia
Resumen
La planta estudiada en el presente trabajo, Mosiera crenulata, es endémica de la provincia de Sancti Spiritus y se encuentra en peligro de extinción, razones que han motivado a que el grupo de botánicos del Centro de Casilda de Sancti Spiritus y el Departamento de Farmacia de la UCLV hayan incluido esta especie entre sus prioridades de investigación. Con el objetivo de evaluar las potencialidades de sus posibles usos en la medicina tradicional cubana se desarrolló el presente trabajo. Se obtuvieron tres extractos secos utilizando como solventes acetona 100%, acetona 70:30 y metanol 70:30, a través de la maceración con agitación y posterior extracción líquido-líquido y rotoevaporación. Se determinó el contenido fenólico y de flavonoides para cada extracto, a través del ensayo Folin- Ciocalteu y de Cloruro de aluminio respectivamente, evidenciándose valores similares para los tres extractos. Estos resultados se encuentran en total correspondencia con los obtenidos al evaluar la actividad antioxidante (AA) en los extractos, la cual fue evaluada por cinco ensayos in vitro (tres determinaron la actividad antirradicálica y dos la quelación de metales). Los tres extractos mostraron una actividad antioxidante considerable en los dos mecanismos, aunque con ligeras diferencias; el extracto acetona 100% mostró una AA antirradicálica ligeramente superior, mientras que el extracto de metanol 70:30 mostró la mejor capacidad para quelar los metales; estas diferencias hacen suponer que los extractos tienen variación en la composición química en cuanto a los tipos de compuestos fenólicos presentes en los mismos, considerando que el contenido total de estos metabolitos es similar. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren continuar los estudios de la planta por sus posibles potencialidades para su uso como fuente de antioxidante natural.
The plant studied in the present work, Mosiera crenulata, is endemic to the province of Sancti Spiritus and it is in danger of extinction, reasons that have motivated that the group of botanists of the Casilda Center of Sancti Spiritus and the Department of Pharmacy of the UCLV have included this species among their research priorities. With the objective of evaluating the potentialities of its possible uses in Cuban traditional medicine, the present work was developed. Three dry extracts were obtained using as solvent 100% acetone, 70:30 acetone, and 70:30 methanol, through maceration with agitation and subsequent liquid-liquid extraction and rotoevaporation. The phenolic and flavonoid content was determined for each extract, through the Foling-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Chloride tests respectively, evidencing similar values for the three extracts. These results are in total correspondence with the values obtained when the antioxidant activity (AA) in the extracts was carried out, which was evaluated by five in vitro tests (three determined the antiradical activity and two the chelation of metals). As a result of these test, the three extracts showed considerable antioxidant activity in both mechanisms, although with slight differences; The 100% acetone extract showed a slightly higher antiradical AA, while the 70:30 methanol extract showed the best ability to chelate the metals; these differences suggest that the extracts have variation in the chemical composition in terms of the types of phenolic compounds present in the extracts, considering that the total content of these metabolites is similar. The results obtained suggest that the plant under study has potential for its use as a source of natural antioxidant.
The plant studied in the present work, Mosiera crenulata, is endemic to the province of Sancti Spiritus and it is in danger of extinction, reasons that have motivated that the group of botanists of the Casilda Center of Sancti Spiritus and the Department of Pharmacy of the UCLV have included this species among their research priorities. With the objective of evaluating the potentialities of its possible uses in Cuban traditional medicine, the present work was developed. Three dry extracts were obtained using as solvent 100% acetone, 70:30 acetone, and 70:30 methanol, through maceration with agitation and subsequent liquid-liquid extraction and rotoevaporation. The phenolic and flavonoid content was determined for each extract, through the Foling-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Chloride tests respectively, evidencing similar values for the three extracts. These results are in total correspondence with the values obtained when the antioxidant activity (AA) in the extracts was carried out, which was evaluated by five in vitro tests (three determined the antiradical activity and two the chelation of metals). As a result of these test, the three extracts showed considerable antioxidant activity in both mechanisms, although with slight differences; The 100% acetone extract showed a slightly higher antiradical AA, while the 70:30 methanol extract showed the best ability to chelate the metals; these differences suggest that the extracts have variation in the chemical composition in terms of the types of phenolic compounds present in the extracts, considering that the total content of these metabolites is similar. The results obtained suggest that the plant under study has potential for its use as a source of natural antioxidant.
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Palabras clave
Antioxidante Natural, Plantas Medicinales, Mosiera crenulata B.