Efecto de bioestimulantes agrícolas en la supervivencia y el crecimiento de plantas in vitro de caña de azúcar (Saccharum spp.) en la fase de aclimatización ex vitro
Fecha
2018-12-13
Autores
Núñez Jaramillo, Dunia
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas.Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola
Resumen
Un factor crítico en un protocolo de propagación in vitro de caña de azúcar es la supervivencia y crecimiento de las plantas en condiciones ex vitro de cultivo. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del Fitomas-E® y el VIUSID Agro® durante la aclimatización ex vitro de caña de azúcar cultivar C90-469, en condiciones de umbráculo. Se evaluaron tres disoluciones (0; 0,5 y 0,8 mL L-1) de ambos bioestimulantes y dos aplicaciones diarias, los primeros tres días y posteriormente una vez por semana. Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en época de seca y lluvia. En la época seca se emplearon plantas in vitro con una altura mayor a 3,0 cm y en la época de lluvia se utilizaron dos grupos de plantas ≤ 3,0 cm y > 3,0 cm. Las diferentes variables evaluadas fueron la supervivencia a los 15 días, ahijamiento a los 21 días y las morfo-fisiológicas a los 45 y 60 días después del trasplante. El mejor resultado para la supervivencia se alcanzó con la disolución de 0,5 y 0,8 mL L-1 de VIUSID Agro® y 0,8 mL L-1 Fitomas-E® en plantas mayores de 3,0 cm en la época de seca y ambas del VIUSID para las diferentes variables de crecimiento evaluadas. En la época de lluvia no se encontraron diferencias entre disoluciones y tipo de bioestimulantes, para la variable supervivencia en plantas menores de 3,0 cm, pero si superaron al control en más de 21,0%, sin embargo 0.5 fue superior en las plantas mayores de 3,0 cm. Sin embargo, para el ahijamiento, con 0,8 mL L-1 VIUSID Agro® en época seca y ambas disoluciones de VIUSID Agro® en época de lluvia. De forma integral 0,5 mL L-1 de VIUSID Agro®tuvo un mayor efecto sobre las variables morfo-fisiológicas en las plantas mayores de 3,0 cm y 0,8 mL L-1 para las plantas menores de 3 cm.
A critical factor in in vitro propagation sugarcane protocol is the survival and growth of the ex vitro plants in culture conditions. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of Fitomas-E® and VIUSID Agro® during the ex vitro acclimatization of sugarcane cultivar C90-469, under umbrage conditions. Three solutions (0; 0,5 and 0,8 mL L-1) of both biostimulants were evaluated and two daily applications, the first three days and then once a week. The experiments were carried out during the dry and rainy seasons. In the dry season in vitro plants with a height greater than 3,0 cm were used and in the rainy season two groups of plants ≤ 3,0 cm and > 3,0 cm were used. The different variables evaluated were survival at 15 days, tillering at 21 days and morpho-physiological at 45 and 60 days after transplantation. The best result for survival was reached with the dissolution of of VIUSID Agro® 0,5 and 0,8 mL L-1 and Fitomas-E® 0,8 mL L-1 in plants greater than 3,0 cm at the time of dry and both of the VIUSID for the different growth variables evaluated. In the rainy season, no differences were found between solutions and type of biostimulants, for the survival variable in plants less than 3,0 cm, but they exceeded the control by more than 21,0%, however 0,5 mL L-1 was higher in plants greater than 3,0 cm. However, for tillering, with VIUSID Agro® 0,8 mL L-1 in the dry season and both solutions of VIUSID Agro® in the rainy season. Integrally VIUSID Agro® 0,5 mL L-1 of had a greater effect on morpho-physiological variables in plants greater than 3,0 cm and 0,8 mL L-1 for plants smaller than 3 cm.
A critical factor in in vitro propagation sugarcane protocol is the survival and growth of the ex vitro plants in culture conditions. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of Fitomas-E® and VIUSID Agro® during the ex vitro acclimatization of sugarcane cultivar C90-469, under umbrage conditions. Three solutions (0; 0,5 and 0,8 mL L-1) of both biostimulants were evaluated and two daily applications, the first three days and then once a week. The experiments were carried out during the dry and rainy seasons. In the dry season in vitro plants with a height greater than 3,0 cm were used and in the rainy season two groups of plants ≤ 3,0 cm and > 3,0 cm were used. The different variables evaluated were survival at 15 days, tillering at 21 days and morpho-physiological at 45 and 60 days after transplantation. The best result for survival was reached with the dissolution of of VIUSID Agro® 0,5 and 0,8 mL L-1 and Fitomas-E® 0,8 mL L-1 in plants greater than 3,0 cm at the time of dry and both of the VIUSID for the different growth variables evaluated. In the rainy season, no differences were found between solutions and type of biostimulants, for the survival variable in plants less than 3,0 cm, but they exceeded the control by more than 21,0%, however 0,5 mL L-1 was higher in plants greater than 3,0 cm. However, for tillering, with VIUSID Agro® 0,8 mL L-1 in the dry season and both solutions of VIUSID Agro® in the rainy season. Integrally VIUSID Agro® 0,5 mL L-1 of had a greater effect on morpho-physiological variables in plants greater than 3,0 cm and 0,8 mL L-1 for plants smaller than 3 cm.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Aclimatización ex Vitro, Caña de Azúcar, Fitomas-E®, VIUSID Agro®, Crecimiento, Supervivencia, Sugarcane, Acclimatization