Efecto de la composición del fundente obtenido con escoria de acería y ceniza de cascarilla del arroz sobre la microestructura y propiedades del metal depositado
Fecha
2019
Autores
Castro Espinosa, Miguel Alejandro
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio acerca del efecto de la composición del fundente obtenido con escoria de acería y ceniza de cascarilla del arroz sobre la microestructura y propiedades del metal depositado. Dicho estudio parte de un diseño experimental del tipo Mc Lean Anderson donde las variables de entrada son: la matriz (X1), el grafito (X2) y el FeMnCr (X3). Fueron extraídas y preparadas muestras para macrografía, metalografía y ensayos de desgaste. A partir de las macrografías fueron determinados los parámetros geométricos de los depósitos, correspondientes a cada condición experimental. En base a la dilución fue determinada la composición del depósito de cordón sobre chapa. De cada depósito fueron obtenidas imágenes de la microestructura en la parte superior del cordón por microscopía óptica. También fue obtenida la imagen de microscopía de barrido de la muestra de mayor microdureza de la martensita y del depósito del fundente “MF-30/USH-600”, usado como referencia. Fue determinada la microdureza del constituyente duro; así como la dureza Vickers. Para la determinación del desgaste de los depósitos fue fabricada una bomba peristáltica para la regulación del goteo de la suspensión abrasiva en el ensayo microabrasivo con esfera rotativa libre. La validación de la bomba fue realizada en base al comportamiento del desgaste en función del tiempo de ensayo en un acero AISI 1020. Los ensayos comparativos de desgaste de los depósitos se realizaron, utilizando el fundente “MF-30/USH-600” como referencia. Del procesamiento de los datos con el software Statgraphisc se obtuvieron las tendencias de comportamiento, en función de las variables de composición del fundente, de los elementos del depósito diluido, de la microdureza del constituyente duro, de la dureza y del desgaste. Se concluye que el mejor desempeño corresponde al depósito de la condición experimental “A”, mostrando una resistencia al desgaste similar al del fundente “MF-30/USH-600”.
In the present work a study is made about the effect of the composition of the flux obtained with steel slag and rice husk ash on the microstructure and properties of the deposited metal. This study is based on an experimental Mc Lean Anderson design where the input variables are: the matrix (X1), the graphite (X2) and the FeMnCr (X3). Samples were extracted and prepared for macrography, metallography and wear tests. From the macrographs, the geometric parameters of the deposits were determined, corresponding to each experimental condition. Based on the dilution the composition of the weld deposit on sheet metal was determined. From each deposit, images of the microstructure in the upper part of the weld were obtained by optical microscopy. The scanning microscopy image of the sample with the highest microhardness of the martensite and the deposit of the flux "MF-30 / USH-600", used as reference, was also obtained. The micro hardness of the hard constituent was determined; as well as the Vickers hardness. To determine the wear of the deposits, a peristaltic pump was manufactured to regulate the drip of the abrasive suspension in the microabrasive test with free rotating sphere. The validation of the pump was carried out based on the wear behavior as a function of the test time in an AISI 1020 steel. The comparative tests of wear of the deposits were made, using the flux "MF-30 / USH-600" as reference. From the processing of the data with the Statgraphisc software, the behavior tendencies were obtained, according to the composition variables of the flux, the elements of the diluted deposit, the micro hardness of the hard constituent, the hardness and the wear. It is concluded that the best performance corresponds to the deposit of the experimental condition "A", showing a wear resistance similar to that of the flux "MF-30 / USH-600".
In the present work a study is made about the effect of the composition of the flux obtained with steel slag and rice husk ash on the microstructure and properties of the deposited metal. This study is based on an experimental Mc Lean Anderson design where the input variables are: the matrix (X1), the graphite (X2) and the FeMnCr (X3). Samples were extracted and prepared for macrography, metallography and wear tests. From the macrographs, the geometric parameters of the deposits were determined, corresponding to each experimental condition. Based on the dilution the composition of the weld deposit on sheet metal was determined. From each deposit, images of the microstructure in the upper part of the weld were obtained by optical microscopy. The scanning microscopy image of the sample with the highest microhardness of the martensite and the deposit of the flux "MF-30 / USH-600", used as reference, was also obtained. The micro hardness of the hard constituent was determined; as well as the Vickers hardness. To determine the wear of the deposits, a peristaltic pump was manufactured to regulate the drip of the abrasive suspension in the microabrasive test with free rotating sphere. The validation of the pump was carried out based on the wear behavior as a function of the test time in an AISI 1020 steel. The comparative tests of wear of the deposits were made, using the flux "MF-30 / USH-600" as reference. From the processing of the data with the Statgraphisc software, the behavior tendencies were obtained, according to the composition variables of the flux, the elements of the diluted deposit, the micro hardness of the hard constituent, the hardness and the wear. It is concluded that the best performance corresponds to the deposit of the experimental condition "A", showing a wear resistance similar to that of the flux "MF-30 / USH-600".
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Siderúrgia, Escoria de Acería, Impacto Medioambiental, Impacto Económico, Impacto Social