Caracterización temporal de la comunidad íctica en Cayo El Guanal, Villa Clara
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Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Padrón Capote, Sarah Lyz
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Departamento de Biología
Resumen
Los arrecifes coralinos son ecosistemas vulnerables. Los organismos que lo
conforman, entre ellos los peces, brindan la mejor opción para el estudio de los
cambios ambientales en un ecosistema marino. Este trabajo se realizó con el
objetivo de caracterizar la comunidad de peces en cayo El Guanal, Villa Clara,
entre los años 2014 y 2017. Se utilizó la técnica de censo visual subacuático por
transecto lineal en los cuatro años de muestreo. Se caracterizó y describió la
composición y estructura de la comunidad, se compararon los resultados y el
estado de salud de la comunidad de peces entre los años. En los transectos se
anotaron las especies, número de individuos y talla de cada pez. Se
determinaron las categorías tróficas y de tallas, biomasa y densidad. Se
reportaron 46 especies, donde dominaron Thalassoma bifasciatum y Haemulon
flavolineatum. La familia con mayor cantidad de individuos fue Labridae. Se
encontraron diferencias significativas para la abundancia, no así para la
biomasa. Los bentófagos presentaron mayor cantidad de individuos, mientras
que los herbívoros la mayor biomasa. El mayor número de individuos
muestreados estuvo en el rango de talla pequeña de 10 a 20 cm. Los ictiófagos
tienen la más baja abundancia. La salud de la comunidad de peces es crítica en
los tres primeros años y pobre en el 2017. El cambio de la categoría de crítica a
pobre evidencia una mejora en el tiempo para el arrecife El Guanal.
Coral reefs are among the vulnerablest ecosystems. Their organisms, including or specifically the fishes, are the best option to study enviromental changes on sea ecosystems. This work aimed to characterize fish community on cayo El Guanal, Villa Clara between 2014 and 2017. It was used the technic of underwater visual census by lineal transept in every year. The community composition and structure was characterized and described, the results and health the fish community state was compared between years. On every transept, oft the species, number of individuals and fish was determined. In addition, was determinet trophic, sizes, biomass and density categories. There was reported 46 species, where Thalassoma bifasciatum and Haemulon flavolineatum were dominants. The family with higher number of individuals was Labridae. There were found significant differences for abundance, contrary to biomass. Bentho phagaus species presents higher number of individuals, meanwhile the herbivores presents the higher biomass. The higher number of individuals recorded belong to the lower size rank of 10 to 20 cm. Ictiophages presents the lower abundance. Fish community health is considered critical the first three months and pour on 2017. Cha nging critical category to pour evidences a temporary wellness for El Guanal reef.
Coral reefs are among the vulnerablest ecosystems. Their organisms, including or specifically the fishes, are the best option to study enviromental changes on sea ecosystems. This work aimed to characterize fish community on cayo El Guanal, Villa Clara between 2014 and 2017. It was used the technic of underwater visual census by lineal transept in every year. The community composition and structure was characterized and described, the results and health the fish community state was compared between years. On every transept, oft the species, number of individuals and fish was determined. In addition, was determinet trophic, sizes, biomass and density categories. There was reported 46 species, where Thalassoma bifasciatum and Haemulon flavolineatum were dominants. The family with higher number of individuals was Labridae. There were found significant differences for abundance, contrary to biomass. Bentho phagaus species presents higher number of individuals, meanwhile the herbivores presents the higher biomass. The higher number of individuals recorded belong to the lower size rank of 10 to 20 cm. Ictiophages presents the lower abundance. Fish community health is considered critical the first three months and pour on 2017. Cha nging critical category to pour evidences a temporary wellness for El Guanal reef.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Arrecifes, Biomasa, Categorías Tróficas, Peces, Biomass, Fishes, Reefs, Trophic Categories