Evaluación in vivo de la actividad antilitiásica del extracto acuoso de las hojas de Boldoa purpurascens Cav.
Fecha
2019
Autores
Orellana Rodríguez, Elianet
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Universidad Central ``Marta Abreu`` de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Farmacia
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio experimental en la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas con el objetivo de evaluar la actividad antilitiásica del extracto acuoso de las hojas de Boldoa purpurascens Cav. Para ello se determinó dicha actividad a partir del extracto acuoso de la especie (dosis de 100, 200 y 400 mg/Kg) mediante el modelo experimental de urolitiasis inducida por etilenglicol (EG) (0,75%) y cloruro de amonio (CA) (2%) en ratas. El análisis de microscopía de la orina reveló que la cantidad y el tamaño de los cristales de oxalato de calcio (CaOx) fue mayor en los animales del grupo control litiásico (Grupo II), en comparación con el grupo de control. Por otro lado, los grupos tratados con extracto acuoso mostraron una reducción significativa en la cantidad y el tamaño de los cristales de CaOx en comparación con el grupo II, al igual que el grupo III tratado con cistona. En las ratas de control litiásico (Grupo II), el daño renal marcado se evidenció por la elevación de los niveles de creatinina, ácido úrico y nitrógeno ureico en suero. Los niveles de ácido úrico sérico en los grupos experimentales también se encontraron disminuidos respecto al grupo Control II. La evaluación histopatológica permitió evaluar los daños renales provocados por la inducción de los cálculos con etilenglicol, observar la presencia de atrofia glomerular y la deposición de cristales y el logro de la normalidad de las células epiteliales tubulares y glomérulos al administrar el extracto de planta. Finalmente los hallazgos de este estudio demuestran que el extracto acuoso de hojas de Boldoa purpurascens posee una potente actividad antiurolitiásica por inhibición o disolución del calcio inducido por el etilenglicol en ratas
An experimental study was carried out at the "Marta Abreu" Central University of Las Villas with the aim of evaluating the antilithic activity of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Boldoa purpurascens Cav. To this end, this activity was determined from the aqueous extract of the species (doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg / kg) through the experimental model of urolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol (EG) (0.75%) and ammonium chloride (CA) (2%) in rats. The analysis of urine microscopy revealed that the quantity and size of the calcium oxalate crystals (CaOx) was higher in the animals of the lithiasic control group (Group II), in comparison with the control group. On the other hand, the groups treated with aqueous extract showed a significant reduction in the quantity and size of the CaOx crystals in comparison with group II, as did the group III treated with cystone. In the lithiasic control rats (Group II), the marked renal damage was evidenced by the elevation of serum creatinine, uric acid and urea nitrogen levels. The levels of serum uric acid in the experimental groups were also found to be lower than in the Control II group. The histopathological evaluation allowed to evaluate the renal damages caused by the induction of the stones with ethylene glycol, to observe the presence of glomerular atrophy and the deposition of crystals and the achievement of the normality of the tubular epithelial cells and glomeruli when administering the plant extract. Finally, the findings of this study demonstrate that the aqueous extract of leaves of Boldoa purpurascens possesses a potent anti-urolithic activity by inhibition or dissolution of calcium induced by ethylene glycol in rats.
An experimental study was carried out at the "Marta Abreu" Central University of Las Villas with the aim of evaluating the antilithic activity of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Boldoa purpurascens Cav. To this end, this activity was determined from the aqueous extract of the species (doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg / kg) through the experimental model of urolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol (EG) (0.75%) and ammonium chloride (CA) (2%) in rats. The analysis of urine microscopy revealed that the quantity and size of the calcium oxalate crystals (CaOx) was higher in the animals of the lithiasic control group (Group II), in comparison with the control group. On the other hand, the groups treated with aqueous extract showed a significant reduction in the quantity and size of the CaOx crystals in comparison with group II, as did the group III treated with cystone. In the lithiasic control rats (Group II), the marked renal damage was evidenced by the elevation of serum creatinine, uric acid and urea nitrogen levels. The levels of serum uric acid in the experimental groups were also found to be lower than in the Control II group. The histopathological evaluation allowed to evaluate the renal damages caused by the induction of the stones with ethylene glycol, to observe the presence of glomerular atrophy and the deposition of crystals and the achievement of the normality of the tubular epithelial cells and glomeruli when administering the plant extract. Finally, the findings of this study demonstrate that the aqueous extract of leaves of Boldoa purpurascens possesses a potent anti-urolithic activity by inhibition or dissolution of calcium induced by ethylene glycol in rats.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Actividad Antilitiásica, Boldoa Purpurascens Cav, Evaluación Histopatológica, Medicina Verde, Plantas Medicinales