Optimización de la tecnología de elaboración de la tintura de propóleo de los Centros de Producción Local de Villa Clara
Fecha
2021
Autores
Sotolongo Moya, Lietsy
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Farmacia
Resumen
La tintura de propóleo elaborada en los Centros de Producción Local (CPL) de Villa Clara presenta alta demanda por su diversidad de usos. En los últimos tiempos el contenido de sólidos totales de este producto está resultando inferior al 10 (límite permisible). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue optimizar la tecnología de elaboración de la tintura de propóleos con fines farmacéuticos, empleada en los CPL de Villa Clara. Se realizó un diseño de experimentos factorial 23. Los factores independientes y sus niveles fueron: tipo de menstruo (nivel bajo etanol al 70 % y nivel alto etanol al 96 %), tiempo de extracción (7 días nivel bajo y 14 días nivel alto) y variedad de propóleo (color pardo nivel bajo y color castaño rojizo nivel alto). Se realizó una réplica para cada uno. La variable respuesta (variable dependiente) a considerar fue el contenido de sólidos totales. Otros índices de calidad evaluados a la tintura fueron: densidad relativa, índice de refracción y pH. Un elevado contenido de sólidos totales (23.02%) se obtuvo para la condición donde se empleó el propóleo de color castaño rojizo, etanol al 96 % como menstruo y tiempo de extracción de 7 días. El pH, índice de refracción y densidad relativa de la tintura, dieron resultados similares a los de otras tinturas de origen natural reportadas en la literatura. Estos índices de calidad se mantuvieron estables durante 7 meses. La concentración del disolvente, variedad de propóleo y el tiempo de extracción, influyen de manera significativa en el contenido de sólidos totales.
The propolis tincture made in the Local Production Centers (CPL) of Villa Clara is in high demand due to its diversity of uses. In recent times the total solids content of this product has been less than 10 (permissible limit). The objective of this work was to optimize the technology for making propolis tincture for pharmaceutical purposes, used in the Villa Clara CPL. A 23 factorial design of experiments was carried out. The independent factors and their levels were: type of menstruation (low level 70% ethanol and high level 96% ethanol), extraction time (7 days low level and 14 days high level) and a variety of propolis (low level brown color and high level reddish brown color). A replica was made for each one. The response variable (dependent variable) to consider was the content of total solids. Other quality indices evaluated for the dyeing were: relative density, refractive index and pH. A high total solids content (23.02%) was obtained for the condition where reddish brown propolis was used, 96% ethanol as menses and extraction time of 7 days. The pH, refractive index and relative density of the dye gave results similar to those of other dyes of natural origin reported in the literature. These quality indices were stable for 7 months. The concentration of dissolvent and the variety of propolis have a significant influence on the total solids content.
The propolis tincture made in the Local Production Centers (CPL) of Villa Clara is in high demand due to its diversity of uses. In recent times the total solids content of this product has been less than 10 (permissible limit). The objective of this work was to optimize the technology for making propolis tincture for pharmaceutical purposes, used in the Villa Clara CPL. A 23 factorial design of experiments was carried out. The independent factors and their levels were: type of menstruation (low level 70% ethanol and high level 96% ethanol), extraction time (7 days low level and 14 days high level) and a variety of propolis (low level brown color and high level reddish brown color). A replica was made for each one. The response variable (dependent variable) to consider was the content of total solids. Other quality indices evaluated for the dyeing were: relative density, refractive index and pH. A high total solids content (23.02%) was obtained for the condition where reddish brown propolis was used, 96% ethanol as menses and extraction time of 7 days. The pH, refractive index and relative density of the dye gave results similar to those of other dyes of natural origin reported in the literature. These quality indices were stable for 7 months. The concentration of dissolvent and the variety of propolis have a significant influence on the total solids content.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Miel, Induatria Farmacéutica, Farmacología