Bases para la Toma de Decisiones Locales en la intervención Post-Desastre destinada a la recuperación del fondo habitacional
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Fecha
2010-07-03
Autores
González Camacho, Gonzalo
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La ocurrencia e incremento de los desastres en las últimas décadas, ha conllevado proporcionalmente al aumento de las intervenciones para la recuperación de las zonas afectadas. Las políticas y planes de intervención en el ámbito nacional, a pesar de los esfuerzos y prioridades que se le otorgan, presentan determinados problemas de organización y de enfoque, además de que no existen documentos que orienten o estipulen las acciones y decisiones a tomar en la etapa de recuperación, en especial la fase de reconstrucción. La presente investigación propone la realización de un estudio
conceptual para la determinación de los factores que deben caracterizar la intervención post-desastre y su adecuación a las condiciones locales cubanas. Posteriormente se confecciona una herramienta de aplicación para evaluar estos factores en casos de referencia locales mediante un trabajo de campo, donde se obtendrán como resultado las buenas y malas prácticas que caracterizan la etapa de recuperación. La determinación de estas prácticas condiciona su análisis y obtención de las que deben
constituir las Bases para la toma de decisiones en la intervención post-desastre a escala local, considerando la identificación de los actores implicados y sus roles dentro del proceso. Las Bases se orientan hacia la relocalización de asentamientos, el diseño de viviendas y la selección de los materiales y tecnologías apropiados. Finalmente, se manejan las propuestas de implementación, así como los criterios de efectividad y aplicabilidad de las mismas mediante la valoración de un panel de especialistas, los que representan a los actores implicados antes mencionados.
The increment of the disasters on the last decades, has grown proportionally to the increase of the interventions for the affected zones's recuperation. The policies and intervention plans in Cuba, however the labors and priorities that they are granted, given organization and focus problems, that documents do not exist in addition to show that they guide and stipulate the actions and decisions to take in the recuperation stage, specially the reconstruction phase. This investigation proposes the realization of a conceptual study for the factors's determination that they must characterize the intervention post-disaster and his adjusting to the local conditions, posteriorly an application tool to evaluate these factors in cases is manufactured of local references by means of a practice research: the result are the good and bad practices that characterize the recuperation stage. These practices's determination conditions theanalysis and obtaining the bases for the decision makings in the intervention postdisaster to local scale, considering the implicated actors's identification and his roles inside the process. The bases show a trend towards the settlements relocation, the housings design and the selection of the materials and appropriate technologies. Finally, the proposals of implementation are manage, as well as the effectiveness and applicability criteria intervening drive the evaluation of specialists's panel, the one that represent the implicated actors above - mentioned.
The increment of the disasters on the last decades, has grown proportionally to the increase of the interventions for the affected zones's recuperation. The policies and intervention plans in Cuba, however the labors and priorities that they are granted, given organization and focus problems, that documents do not exist in addition to show that they guide and stipulate the actions and decisions to take in the recuperation stage, specially the reconstruction phase. This investigation proposes the realization of a conceptual study for the factors's determination that they must characterize the intervention post-disaster and his adjusting to the local conditions, posteriorly an application tool to evaluate these factors in cases is manufactured of local references by means of a practice research: the result are the good and bad practices that characterize the recuperation stage. These practices's determination conditions theanalysis and obtaining the bases for the decision makings in the intervention postdisaster to local scale, considering the implicated actors's identification and his roles inside the process. The bases show a trend towards the settlements relocation, the housings design and the selection of the materials and appropriate technologies. Finally, the proposals of implementation are manage, as well as the effectiveness and applicability criteria intervening drive the evaluation of specialists's panel, the one that represent the implicated actors above - mentioned.
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Palabras clave
Toma de Decisiones Locales, Intervención Post-Desastre, Recuparación del Fondo Habitacional, Decision Making, Intervention, Recuperation