Evaluación agrotécnica del semirremolque autobasculante en el trasbordo de caña de azúcar en condiciones de alta humedad
Fecha
2016-06-05
Autores
Pérez Santos, Dayana
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola.
Resumen
Dadas las irregularidades detectadas en el cumplimiento de los parámetros agrotécnicos del
semirremolque autobasculante, en el transporte de la caña de azúcar dentro del campo, en los
suelos arcillosos pesados, se presenta el siguiente trabajo de diploma. La investigación se realizó
en un suelo clasificado como Vertisol Pélico típico y en una cepa de primer retoño con
rendimiento estimado de 50 tha
-1
. En la cosecha participaron la combinada CASE IH 8 000 y el
semirremolque cubano acoplado al tractor Maxxum CASE 150. Se determinó la ubicación del
autobasculante sobre la hilera, la presión específica sobre el suelo, la deformación del cantero, los
cambios de densidad aparente y de resistencia a la penetración antes y después del paso del
autobasculante. Los resultados mostraron que el autobasculante cubano no cumple con los
requerimientos agrotécnicos para las condiciones mencionadas, por las siguientes razones:
sobrepasa la zona de protección de las plantas, lo que conlleva a que con este sistema de cosecha
se trafique sobre el 100% del área; al no respetar la zona de protección del cultivo en uno de los
canteros sobre los cuales transita aplica presiones superiores a 300 kPa, lo que disminuye la
altura del cantero; compacta el suelo en la zona donde se desarrolla el 90% de las raíces, al
incrementar significativamente la densidad aparente y la resistencia a la penetración. Se
recomendó modificar el ancho de vía del semirremolque autobasculante fabricado en nuestro
país, manteniéndole su sistema de rodaje, para el empleo en dichas condiciones.
Given the irregularities detected in compliance with agro-technical parameters of the cantilever semitrailer transport of sugar cane in the field, on heavy clay soils, the following diploma work it is presented. The research was conducted in a soil classified as typical Vertisol Pélico and in a strain of first child with estimated yield of 50tha-1. At harvest they participated combined CASE IH 8000 and the cuban semi-trailer coupled to the tractor Maxxum CASE 150. The location of the cantilever on the line was determined, the specific ground pressure, deformation of the stonemason, changes in bulk density and penetration resistance before and after passage of the cantilever. The results showed that the cuban auto flip does not meet the agro-technical requirements for the above conditions, for the following reasons: beyond the protection zone of plants, leading to this system of crop traffics on 100% of the area ; by not respecting the crop protection zone in one of the beds on which transits applied pressures above 300 kPa, which lowers the height of the stonemason; compact the soil in the area where 90% of the roots tak es place, to significantly increase the bulk density and penetration resistance. It was recommended to change the track width of the cantilever semitrailer manufactured in our country, keeping your system running, for use in these conditions
Given the irregularities detected in compliance with agro-technical parameters of the cantilever semitrailer transport of sugar cane in the field, on heavy clay soils, the following diploma work it is presented. The research was conducted in a soil classified as typical Vertisol Pélico and in a strain of first child with estimated yield of 50tha-1. At harvest they participated combined CASE IH 8000 and the cuban semi-trailer coupled to the tractor Maxxum CASE 150. The location of the cantilever on the line was determined, the specific ground pressure, deformation of the stonemason, changes in bulk density and penetration resistance before and after passage of the cantilever. The results showed that the cuban auto flip does not meet the agro-technical requirements for the above conditions, for the following reasons: beyond the protection zone of plants, leading to this system of crop traffics on 100% of the area ; by not respecting the crop protection zone in one of the beds on which transits applied pressures above 300 kPa, which lowers the height of the stonemason; compact the soil in the area where 90% of the roots tak es place, to significantly increase the bulk density and penetration resistance. It was recommended to change the track width of the cantilever semitrailer manufactured in our country, keeping your system running, for use in these conditions
Descripción
Palabras clave
Semirremolque autobasculante, Combinada cañera, CASE IH 8 000