Herramienta informática para la gestión de auditorías de sistemas de gestión ambiental basados en ISO 14001
Fecha
2014-02-25
Autores
Santana Pacheco, Yudisel
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
Los Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental constituyen una fuerte herramienta de gestión, para aquellas entidades que pretenden ejercer de manera sostenible sus producciones. Cuba ha evolucionado en este ámbito, demostrado por el número de certificaciones obtenido en los últimos años. El sector empresarial cubano aplica como mecanismo para la mejora continua de estos sistemas, las auditorías ambientales internas. La gestión de este tipo de auditorías se torna un poco engorrosa, principalmente en la planificación y seguimiento del proceso. A partir de las insuficiencias detectadas y la poca accesibilidad que presenta el sector empresarial cubano a las tecnologías de la información, la presente investigación propone una herramienta informática que contribuya a la gestión de auditorías de Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental basados en ISO 14001. La investigación muestra el flujo de trabajo para la gestión de un programa de auditoría e inscrito a ello, la ejecución de auditorías individuales internas. El software abarca las etapas del proceso y ofrece disímiles funcionalidades para el seguimiento y control de las actividades paralelas definidas. La factibilidad del producto informático fue demostrada mediante su aplicación en el Grupo Empresarial de la Construcción de Granma, permitiendo identificar los elementos del Sistema de Gestión Ambiental a mejorar y evaluar el grado de madurez que presenta dicho sistema. La hipótesis de la investigación fue comprobada por los resultados obtenidos en el caso de estudio y la simulación realizada mediante la herramienta de modelado TIBCO, obteniéndose resultados favorables y demostrándose la veracidad de la misma.
Environmental Management Systems are a strong management tool for entities seeking to exercise their production sustainably. Cuba has evolved in this area, demonstrated by the number of certifications obtained in recent years. The Cuban business sector applied as a mechanism for continuous improvement of these systems, internal environmental audits. Managing this type of audits becomes a bit cumbersome, especially in the planning and monitoring process. Starting from the identified shortcomings and the lack of accessibility that presents the Cuban business sector projected to these topic information technologies this research proposes a software tool to help audit management of Environmental Management Systems based on ISO 14001. Research shows the workflow for managing an audit program and registered to, the individual execution of internal audits. The software includes the process steps and offers dissimilar features for monitoring and control of parallel activities defined. The feasibility of the software product was demonstrated by its application in the Business Group Construction Granma, allowing to identify the elements of the Environmental improve and assess the level of maturity that presents the system management. The hypothesis was verified by the results of the case study on the simulation and modeling tool by TIBCO, obtaining favorable results and demonstrating the truth of the hypothesis.
Environmental Management Systems are a strong management tool for entities seeking to exercise their production sustainably. Cuba has evolved in this area, demonstrated by the number of certifications obtained in recent years. The Cuban business sector applied as a mechanism for continuous improvement of these systems, internal environmental audits. Managing this type of audits becomes a bit cumbersome, especially in the planning and monitoring process. Starting from the identified shortcomings and the lack of accessibility that presents the Cuban business sector projected to these topic information technologies this research proposes a software tool to help audit management of Environmental Management Systems based on ISO 14001. Research shows the workflow for managing an audit program and registered to, the individual execution of internal audits. The software includes the process steps and offers dissimilar features for monitoring and control of parallel activities defined. The feasibility of the software product was demonstrated by its application in the Business Group Construction Granma, allowing to identify the elements of the Environmental improve and assess the level of maturity that presents the system management. The hypothesis was verified by the results of the case study on the simulation and modeling tool by TIBCO, obtaining favorable results and demonstrating the truth of the hypothesis.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental, Auditorías Ambientales, Herramienta Informática, Environmental Management Systems, Environmental Auditing, Computer Tool