Optimización de las variables operacionales del evaporador de múltiple efecto empleado en el procesamiento de tomates en la UEB Industrial Ceballos
Fecha
2019
Autores
Pérez-Borroto Rojas, Lorena
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ``Marta Abreu`` de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química.
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la UEB Industrial Ceballos, ubicada en el municipio de Ciego de Ávila, la cual cuenta con una alta tecnología para el procesamiento de frutas tropicales, cítricos, papas y hortalizas. El objetivo de dicho trabajo es optimizar las variables operacionales del evaporador de cuádruple efecto empleado en el proceso productivo de pasta de tomate para disminuir el consumo de vapor. Tomando mediciones en el equipo se determinó el área de transferencia de calor en cada efecto, siendo 53,97; 103,43; 103,43 y 95,19 m2 respectivamente. Mediante la metodología de Pavlov (1981), se realizaron los balances de masa y energía para determinar el consumo de vapor, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones actuales de operación. Se comprobó que los coeficientes de transferencia de calor se encuentran en el rango establecido según la bibliografía consultada. También se calcularon parámetros como la economía, la capacidad y el coeficiente de evaporación, los cuales resultaron satisfactorios, sin embargo, la eficiencia del equipo es de 73,57%. Se optimizaron las condiciones operacionales del evaporador de cuádruple efecto empleando la herramienta Solver de Excel, a partir del método Simplex LP y se obtuvieron como valores óptimos de presión 0,6500; 0,4500; 0,2827 y 0,0916 bar respectivamente, lo cual representa un ahorro económico por concepto de combustible de 5625,72 $/campaña
The present research work was carried out in the UEB Industrial Ceballos, located in the municipality of Ciego de Ávila, which has a high technology for the processing of tropical fruits, citrus fruits, potatoes and vegetables. The objective of this work is to optimize the operational variables of the quadruple effect evaporator used in the production process of tomato paste to reduce steam consumption. Taking measurements in the equipment, the heat transfer area in each effect was determined, being 53.97; 103.43; 103.43 and 95.19 m2 respectively. Through the methodology of Pavlov (1981), the mass and energy balances were carried out to determine the steam consumption, taking into account the current operating conditions. It was found that the heat transfer coefficients are in the range established according to the consulted bibliography. Parameters such as economy, capacity and coefficient of evaporation were also calculated, which were satisfactory, however, the efficiency of the equipment is 73.57%. The operational conditions of the quadruple effect evaporator were optimized using the Solver tool of Excel, from the Simplex LP method and were obtained as optimal values of pressure 0,6500; 0,4500; 0,2827 and 0,0916 bar respectively, which represents an economic saving for fuel of 5625.72 $/campaign
The present research work was carried out in the UEB Industrial Ceballos, located in the municipality of Ciego de Ávila, which has a high technology for the processing of tropical fruits, citrus fruits, potatoes and vegetables. The objective of this work is to optimize the operational variables of the quadruple effect evaporator used in the production process of tomato paste to reduce steam consumption. Taking measurements in the equipment, the heat transfer area in each effect was determined, being 53.97; 103.43; 103.43 and 95.19 m2 respectively. Through the methodology of Pavlov (1981), the mass and energy balances were carried out to determine the steam consumption, taking into account the current operating conditions. It was found that the heat transfer coefficients are in the range established according to the consulted bibliography. Parameters such as economy, capacity and coefficient of evaporation were also calculated, which were satisfactory, however, the efficiency of the equipment is 73.57%. The operational conditions of the quadruple effect evaporator were optimized using the Solver tool of Excel, from the Simplex LP method and were obtained as optimal values of pressure 0,6500; 0,4500; 0,2827 and 0,0916 bar respectively, which represents an economic saving for fuel of 5625.72 $/campaign
Descripción
Palabras clave
UEB Industrial Ceballos, Ciego de Ávila, Transferencia de Calor, Ahorro de Energía, Evaporación Industrial, Optimización